The marketing name is a wattage number; the filing name is charging management. Granted patent US11437826B2, "Battery fast charging using multiple adaptor inputs," issued September 6, 2022, and Samsung's US11509157B2, a "Charging management chip" that switches between switching-mode and direct charging, both live in the battery-charging-control class H02J 7/00. They describe charging as a managed process, not a flat power rating.
On the record, "65W fast charging" is a peak, not a constant. A battery cannot accept full power for the whole charge without overheating or degrading; the charging chip ramps power up and down, often switching topologies, to balance speed against heat and longevity. Samsung's patent explicitly covers a chip that chooses between switching and direct charging — the literal mechanism of that negotiation.
Why this is a real engineering frontier and not marketing fluff: the constraint is physics. Push too much current and you generate heat that damages the cell and risks safety; the entire art is in extracting speed without crossing those limits. The multi-adaptor patent's interest — drawing from more than one power input — is one route to more total power within per-path thermal budgets.
The strategic frame is that charging speed has become a marketed differentiator, especially among Android makers, which turns the charging-control IP into competitive territory. A faster, safer charge that does not prematurely age the battery is a real product advantage, and the patents are how it is protected.
Scope, stated plainly: these are granted patents to different companies covering specific control methods, within a vast power-management landscape. No single grant owns fast charging; each stakes a method of doing it within the thermal envelope.
Follow the filing, not the wattage badge. The honest description of fast charging is the one in these 2022 grants: a continuous negotiation between adaptor, battery, and heat, run by a management chip — not a single big number on the box.